Bibliometric analysis on potential biomarkers for long COVID
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31117/neuroscirn.v9i2.502Keywords:
Long COVID, Diagnostic biomarkers, SARS-CoV-2, Bibliometric analysisAbstract
Long COVID has emerged as a significant public health challenge due to its diverse and often debilitating symptoms that affect various bodily systems. Identifying reliable diagnostic biomarkers for long COVID is crucial for early detection, prevention, and the development of treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of available biomarkers associated with long COVID published in the literature between 2020 and 2024. We searched the Scopus database for English-language research articles and reviews published between 2020 and 2024 that contained the terms “long COVID” and “biomarkers.” After excluding publications unrelated to the topic, we applied bibliometric techniques using the bibliometrix package in R and VOSviewer to analyse the final set of 398 articles. Publication trends, collaborative networks, keyword co-occurrence, and citation impact were systematically evaluated to identify the most frequently reported biomarkers and map the research landscape. Inflammatory factors, including interleukin 6, C-reactive protein, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, were frequently highlighted. Additionally, cardiac function markers (troponin and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide) and neurological indicators (neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein) were identified. Although numerous studies have emphasised the multisystem pathology of long COVID, the published literature has not yet converged on a single biomarker with sufficient evidence for the clinical diagnosis of long COVID. This bibliometric analysis indicates that, while a unified diagnostic biomarker for long COVID remains elusive, multiple recurring patterns have emerged across immunological, cardiovascular, neurological, and metabolic domains. These findings may advance pathophysiological understanding and inform future research and clinical translation.
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